What is the primary function of cathodic protection in water distribution systems?

The primary function of cathodic protection in water distribution systems is corrosion control. This technique is essential in preventing the deterioration of metal components, particularly those made of iron, steel, or other metals that can corrode when exposed to water and soil conditions. Corrosion can lead to leaks, system failures, and increased maintenance costs.

Cathodic protection works by making the metal surface the cathode of an electrochemical cell, which can be achieved through sacrificial anodes or impressed current systems. In sacrificial anodes, more easily corroded metals are intentionally used to corrode instead of the primary metal parts of the water distribution system, effectively preserving the integrity of pipes and fittings.

This concept is crucial for maintaining the longevity and reliability of the infrastructure, ensuring safe and continuous water delivery to consumers while minimizing disruptions caused by corrosion-related failures. Other options such as preventing freezing, pressure regulation, and water purification focus on different aspects of water system management but do not relate directly to the protective measures against corrosion.