What is the main disadvantage of using chlorine as a disinfectant?

Using chlorine as a disinfectant is widely accepted for its effectiveness in killing a broad range of pathogens. However, one of its notable disadvantages is its reduced effectiveness in water with high turbidity levels. Turbid water contains suspended solids, which can shield microorganisms from the chlorine’s disinfecting properties. As a result, when chlorine encounters high levels of turbidity, it may not adequately penetrate the materials that harbor pathogens, which can lead to incomplete disinfection and a potential risk to public health.

In comparison, while chlorine can be corrosive, especially to certain metals, the primary concern regarding its application as a disinfectant is its efficacy in the presence of turbidity. Additionally, its shelf life and the need for equipment are important factors to consider, but they do not primarily pertain to the core issue of chlorine's effectiveness in providing safe drinking water under adverse conditions like high turbidity.