What is the desired free chlorine residual in treated water?

The desired free chlorine residual in treated water typically ranges from 1.0 to 4.0 mg/L. This concentration is effective for disinfection purposes, ensuring that pathogenic microorganisms are adequately inactivated while also maintaining sufficient residual levels to protect against potential microbial regrowth as the water moves through the distribution system.

Maintaining this specific range helps balance the need for effective disinfection with the potential for chlorine-related taste and odor issues, ensuring customer satisfaction and compliance with drinking water standards. A free chlorine residual below 1.0 mg/L may not provide adequate disinfection, while levels above 4.0 mg/L can lead to undesirable tastes and health concerns related to higher chlorine exposure.