What group of bacteria is considered the ideal indicator for pathogens in water?

The coliform group of bacteria is widely regarded as the ideal indicator for pathogens in water due to several key reasons. These bacteria are commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, which means their presence in water typically indicates fecal contamination. The detection of coliforms in water supplies acts as a warning sign that more harmful pathogenic organisms may also be present.

Coliforms are relatively easy and cost-effective to test for, making them a practical choice for routine monitoring of water quality. Unlike specific pathogens such as E. coli, Vibrio cholerae, or Salmonella, which can be more difficult to detect and require specialized testing, coliforms provide a broader indication of water safety and potential contamination issues.

The coliform group encompasses a range of bacteria, including E. coli, which is specifically associated with fecal contamination and is often used as a more specific indicator within the larger coliform group. However, the broader category of coliforms is invaluable for overall water quality assessment, allowing operators to identify potential risks of pathogen presence and take necessary intervention measures.