What compound is often responsible for a rotten egg smell in water?

The compound that is often responsible for a rotten egg smell in water is hydrogen sulfide. This compound is a colorless gas that can be found in groundwater, particularly in areas with organic matter decomposition or in the presence of certain minerals. When hydrogen sulfide is present even in low concentrations, it can produce a strong, unpleasant odor often compared to that of rotten eggs. This characteristic smell can be alarming and indicates the potential presence of this hazardous gas, which can also correlate with other water quality issues.

Other compounds mentioned do not typically contribute to a rotten egg smell. Chlorine often has a strong and distinctive smell associated with water treatment but is not linked to the rotten egg odor. Fluoride, commonly added to improve dental health, does not have a smell significant enough to be noticed at the concentrations found in drinking water. Ammonium can have a slightly different odor but does not produce the same sulfurous scent associated with hydrogen sulfide. Understanding the characteristics of these compounds can help in identifying and addressing water quality issues effectively.